Merge branch 'zhouxinzhong/feature-20260327150147-学习笔记' into milestone-20260325-学习笔记

周新忠学习笔记/4.10/4.10笔记.md

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+## GO读取配置文件
+
+
+
+```go
+
+```
+
+
+
+## 远程调用
+

周新忠学习笔记/4.9/4.8_4.9学习笔记.md

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+
+
+## RabbitMQ
+
+```shell
+#go安装依赖
+go get github.com/rabbitmq/qmqp091-go
+#docker 安装延迟插件(从系统copy)
+docker cp rabbitmq-delayed-message-exchange-4.1.0.ez rabbitmq:/plugins
+#启用延迟插件
+rabbitmq-plugins enable rabbitmq_delayed_message_exch
+#docker启动
+docker start my-rabbit # 容器名
+
+```
+
+### 创建连接
+
+```go
+conn, err := amqp.Dial("amqp://url") //连接mq
+	if err != nil {
+		panic(err)
+	}
+chl, err := conn.Channel() //获取管道
+	if err != nil {
+		panic(err)
+	}
+	defer chl.Close()
+```
+
+### 声明队列
+
+```go
+queue, err := chl.QueueDeclare(
+		"queue1", //队列名
+		true, //是否持久化
+		false, //是否自动删除
+		false, //是否排他
+		false, //是否阻塞
+		amqp.Table{ //队列选项
+			amqp.QueueTypeArg:amqp.QueueTypeQuorum,
+		},
+	)
+```
+
+#### 队列选项
+
+```go
+"x-message-ttl" //消息过期时间
+"x-max-length" //队列最大长度
+"x-max-priority" //优先级
+"x-dead-letter-exchange" //死信交换机
+"x-dead-letter-routing-key" //死信路由键
+//还有几个枚举：
+amqp.QueueTypeClassic//经典队列
+amqp.QueueTypeQuorum//仲裁队列（分布式）
+amqp.QueueTypeStream//流式队列（抄袭kafka）
+//抛弃策略（有点像连接池啊）
+QueueOVerflowDropHead//喜新厌旧
+QueueOVerflowRejectPublish//拒收新的
+QueueOVerflowRejectPublishDLX//新的扔进死信队列
+```
+
+### 发送消息
+
+```go
+ctx, cancel := context.WithTimeout(context.Background(), 5*time.Second)
+//上下文控制消息超时时间
+	defer cancel()
+	body := "测试信息"
+	chl.PublishWithContext(ctx,
+                           "",//交换机名
+                           queue.Name,//路由键
+                           false,//强制性设置
+                           false,//及时性
+                           amqp.Publishing{
+		ContentType: "text/plain",//格式
+		Body:        []byte(body),//发送的消息内容
+	})
+```
+
+### 消费消息
+
+```go
+func consumeMsg1() {
+    //为防止创建消费者时队列还没被创建,应该在创建消费者前也创建一遍队列
+	conn, err := amqp.Dial("amqp://guest:guest@localhost:5672/")
+	if err != nil {
+		panic(err)
+	}
+	defer conn.Close()
+	chl, err := conn.Channel()
+	if err != nil {
+		panic(err)
+	}
+	defer chl.Close()
+	queue, err := chl.QueueDeclare(
+		"test.queue1",
+		true,
+		false,
+		false,
+		false,
+		amqp.Table{
+			amqp.QueueTypeArg: amqp.QueueTypeQuorum,
+		},
+	)
+	msgs, err := chl.Consume(
+		queue.Name,//队列名
+		"test.consumer1",//消费者标识,留空则自动生成
+		true,//auto-ack
+		false,//是否排他
+		false,//no-local 设置为true则不允许同一连接中的消费者消费发布者的消息
+		false,//是否不等待服务器响应
+		nil,//amqp.Table
+	)//返回值是一个 Delievery管道
+	go func() {
+		for msg := range msgs {
+			println("收到信息:", string(msg.Body))
+		}
+	}()
+	ch := make(chan os.Signal, 1)
+	signal.Notify(ch, syscall.SIGINT, syscall.SIGTERM, syscall.SIGQUIT)
+	<-ch
+	println("关闭线程")
+	close(ch)
+}
+```
+
+### 工作队列
+
+```go
+//工作队列只要设置多个消费者消费同一个队列即可,默认使用轮询消费
+//测试代码:
+//生产者
+func sendBatchMsg1() {
+	conn, chl := createConn()
+	defer conn.Close()
+	defer chl.Close()
+	queue, err := chl.QueueDeclare(
+		"test.queue1",
+		true,
+		false,
+		false,
+		false,
+		amqp.Table{
+			amqp.QueueTypeArg: amqp.QueueTypeQuorum,
+		},
+	)
+	if err != nil {
+		panic(err)
+	}
+	ctx, cancel := context.WithTimeout(context.Background(), 5*time.Second)
+	defer cancel()
+	for i := 0; i < 10; i++ {
+		body := "发送消息第" + strconv.Itoa(i+1) + "条"
+		chl.PublishWithContext(ctx, "", queue.Name, false, false, amqp.Publishing{
+			ContentType: "text/plain",
+			Body:        []byte(body),
+		})
+		time.Sleep(1 * time.Second)
+	}
+}
+//消费者
+func WorkReceiver() {
+	conn, chl := createConn()
+	defer conn.Close()
+	defer chl.Close()
+	queue, err := chl.QueueDeclare(
+		"test.queue1",
+		true,
+		false,
+		false,
+		false,
+		amqp.Table{
+			amqp.QueueTypeArg: amqp.QueueTypeQuorum,
+		},
+	)
+	if err != nil {
+		panic(err)
+	}
+	for i := 0; i < 3; i++ {//开三个消费者
+		go func(i1 int) {
+			msgs, err2 := chl.Consume(
+				queue.Name,
+				"worker"+strconv.Itoa(i1),
+				true,
+				false,
+				false,
+				false,
+				amqp.Table{},
+			)
+			if err2 != nil {
+				panic(err2)
+			}
+			for msg := range msgs {
+				println("worker "+strconv.Itoa(i1)+"receive a msg:", string(msg.Body))
+			}
+		}(i)
+	}
+	ch := make(chan os.Signal, 1)
+	signal.Notify(ch, syscall.SIGINT, syscall.SIGTERM, syscall.SIGQUIT)
+	<-ch
+}
+```
+
+
+
+### 发布订阅模式
+
+```go
+//测试代码：
+//公共代码：
+func createSubscribeQueue(chl *amqp.Channel) {
+	err := chl.ExchangeDeclare(
+		"sub.genshinImpact",
+		"fanout",
+		false,
+		false,
+		false,
+		false,
+		nil,
+	)
+	if err != nil {
+		panic(err)
+	}
+	err = chl.ExchangeDeclare(
+		"sub.wutheringWaves",
+		"fanout",
+		false,
+		false,
+		false,
+		false,
+		nil,
+	)
+	if err != nil {
+		panic(err)
+	}
+	chl.QueueDeclare(
+		"test.genshinImpact",
+		true,
+		false,
+		false,
+		false,
+		nil,
+	)
+	chl.QueueBind(//绑定队列和交换机
+		"test.genshinImpact",//队列名
+		"",//路由key会被忽略
+		"sub.genshinImpact",//交换机名
+		false,
+		nil,
+	)
+	chl.QueueDeclare(
+		"test.wutheringWaves",
+		true,
+		false,
+		false,
+		false,
+		nil,
+	)
+	chl.QueueBind(
+		"test.wutheringWaves",
+		"",
+		"sub.wutheringWaves",
+		false,
+		nil,
+	)
+	chl.QueueDeclare(
+		"test.both",
+		true,
+		false,
+		false,
+		false,
+		nil,
+	)
+	chl.QueueBind(
+		"test.both",
+		"",
+		"sub.wutheringWaves",
+		false,
+		nil,
+	)
+	chl.QueueBind(
+		"test.both",
+		"",
+		"sub.genshinImpact",
+		false,
+		nil,
+	)
+}
+//生产者
+func subscribeMsg1() {
+	conn, chl := createConn()
+	defer conn.Close()
+	defer chl.Close()
+	createSubscribeQueue(chl)
+	ctx1, cancel1 := context.WithTimeout(context.Background(), 5*time.Second)
+	defer cancel1()
+	body1 := "原神牛逼"
+	err := chl.PublishWithContext(ctx1,
+		"sub.genshinImpact",
+		"",
+		false,
+		false,
+		amqp.Publishing{
+			ContentType: "text/plain",
+			Body:        []byte(body1),
+		},
+	)
+	if err != nil {
+		panic(err)
+	}
+	ctx2, cancel2 := context.WithTimeout(context.Background(), 5*time.Second)
+	defer cancel2()
+	body2 := "鸣潮牛逼"
+	err = chl.PublishWithContext(ctx2,
+		"sub.wutheringWaves",
+		"",
+		false,
+		false,
+		amqp.Publishing{
+			ContentType: "text/plain",
+			Body:        []byte(body2),
+		},
+	)
+	if err != nil {
+		panic(err)
+	}
+}
+//消费者
+func subscriber() {
+	conn, chl := createConn()
+	defer conn.Close()
+	defer chl.Close()
+	createSubscribeQueue(chl)
+	msgs, err := chl.Consume(
+		"test.genshinImpact",
+		"",
+		true,
+		false,
+		false,
+		false,
+		nil,
+	)
+	if err != nil {
+		log.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	go func() {
+		for msg := range msgs {
+			fmt.Printf("subscriber1 receive a msg: %s \n", string(msg.Body))
+		}
+	}()
+	msgs1, err := chl.Consume(
+		"test.wutheringWaves",
+		"",
+		true,
+		false,
+		false,
+		false,
+		nil,
+	)
+	if err != nil {
+		log.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	go func() {
+		for msg := range msgs1 {
+			fmt.Printf("subscriber2 receive a msg: %s \n", string(msg.Body))
+		}
+	}()
+	msgs2, err := chl.Consume(
+		"test.both",
+		"",
+		true,
+		false,
+		false,
+		false,
+		nil,
+	)
+	if err != nil {
+		log.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	go func() {
+		for msg := range msgs2 {
+			fmt.Printf("subscriber3 receive a msg: %s \n", string(msg.Body))
+		}
+	}()
+	ch := make(chan os.Signal, 1)
+	signal.Notify(ch, syscall.SIGINT, syscall.SIGTERM, syscall.SIGQUIT)
+	<-ch
+}
+
+
+```
+
+```powershell
+#测试结果：
+PS D:\Prj\learn_prj\gf_demo_02\internal\service\rabbit> go test -v -run TestSubscriber                                                                                                                                              
+=== RUN   TestSubscriber
+subscriber3 receive a msg: 原神牛逼 
+subscriber1 receive a msg: 原神牛逼 
+subscriber2 receive a msg: 鸣潮牛逼 
+subscriber3 receive a msg: 鸣潮牛逼 
+--- PASS: TestSubscriber (108.40s)
+PASS
+ok      gf_demo_02/internal/service/rabbit      109.396s
+```
+
+### 路由模式
+
+```go
+//和发布订阅大同小异,代码略
+//区别:
+1.交换机类型是direct
+2.Bind和Publisher需要指定路由key
+```
+
+
+
+### 主题模式
+
+主题模式用topic名替代路由Key
+
+可用通配符订阅,*代表单级通配符,#代表递归通配符
+
+```go
+//测试代码
+//通用代码:
+func topicQueueMaker(chl *amqp.Channel) (q1 amqp.Queue, q2 amqp.Queue, q3 amqp.Queue) {
+	chl.ExchangeDeclare(
+		"top.ex1",
+		"topic",//类型是topic
+		true,
+		false,
+		false,
+		false,
+		nil,
+	)
+	q1, _ = chl.QueueDeclare(
+		"",
+		true,
+		false,
+		false,
+		false,
+		nil,
+	)
+	q2, _ = chl.QueueDeclare(
+		"",
+		true,
+		false,
+		false,
+		false,
+		nil,
+	)
+	q3, _ = chl.QueueDeclare(
+		"",
+		true,
+		false,
+		false,
+		false,
+		nil,
+	)
+	chl.QueueBind(q1.Name,
+		"top.gen",
+		"top.ex1",
+		false,
+		nil,
+	)
+	chl.QueueBind(q2.Name,
+		"top.wave",
+		"top.ex1",
+		false,
+		nil,
+	)
+	chl.QueueBind(q3.Name,
+		"top.*",//通配符订阅
+		"top.ex1",
+		false,
+		nil,
+	)
+	return
+}
+//发布者
+func topicSender() {
+	conn, chl := createConn()
+	defer conn.Close()
+	defer chl.Close()
+	topicQueueMaker(chl)
+	ctx, cancel1 := context.WithTimeout(context.Background(), 5*time.Second)
+	defer cancel1()
+	chl.PublishWithContext(ctx,
+		"top.ex1",
+		"top.gen",
+		false,
+		false,
+		amqp.Publishing{
+			ContentType: "text/plain",
+			Body:        []byte("原神牛批"),
+		},
+	)
+	chl.PublishWithContext(ctx,
+		"top.ex1",
+		"top.wave",
+		false,
+		false,
+		amqp.Publishing{
+			ContentType: "text/plain",
+			Body:        []byte("鸣潮牛批"),
+		},
+	)
+}
+
+//消费者
+func topicReceiver() {
+	conn, chl := createConn()
+	defer conn.Close()
+	defer chl.Close()
+	q1, q2, q3 := topicQueueMaker(chl)
+	msgs1, _ := chl.Consume(
+		q1.Name,
+		"",
+		true,
+		false,
+		false,
+		false,
+		nil,
+	)
+	msgs2, _ := chl.Consume(
+		q2.Name,
+		"",
+		true,
+		false,
+		false,
+		false,
+		nil,
+	)
+	msgs3, _ := chl.Consume(
+		q3.Name,
+		"",
+		true,
+		false,
+		false,
+		false,
+		nil,
+	)
+	go func() {
+		for msg := range msgs1 {
+			fmt.Printf("topicReceiver1 receive a msg: %s \n", string(msg.Body))
+		}
+	}()
+	go func() {
+		for msg := range msgs2 {
+			fmt.Printf("topicReceiver2 receive a msg: %s \n", string(msg.Body))
+		}
+	}()
+	go func() {
+		for msg := range msgs3 {
+			fmt.Printf("topicReceiver3 receive a msg: %s \n", string(msg.Body))
+		}
+	}()
+	ch := make(chan os.Signal, 1)
+	signal.Notify(ch, syscall.SIGINT, syscall.SIGTERM, syscall.SIGQUIT)
+	<-ch
+}
+```
+
+```powershell
+#测试输出结果:
+PS D:\Prj\learn_prj\gf_demo_02\internal\service\rabbit> go test -v -run TestTopicReceiver
+=== RUN   TestTopicReceiver
+topicReceiver3 receive a msg: 原神牛批
+topicReceiver1 receive a msg: 原神牛批
+topicReceiver3 receive a msg: 鸣潮牛批
+topicReceiver2 receive a msg: 鸣潮牛批
+--- PASS: TestTopicReceiver (234.84s)
+PASS
+ok      gf_demo_02/internal/service/rabbit      235.972s
+```
+
+
+
+### 手动ack
+